auth checkpoint

auth dependecies not instaled in dev container

backend/package.json

@@ -22,7 +22,8 @@
     "test:e2e": "jest --config ./test/jest-e2e.json",
     "dev:docker": "nest start --watch",
     "dev:local": "cp -f .env.local .env && nest start --watch",
-    "dev:reset-env": "cp -f .env.docker .env"
+    "dev:reset-env": "cp -f .env.docker .env",
+    "seed:admin": "ts-node scripts/seed-admin.ts"
   },
   "dependencies": {
     "@nestjs/axios": "^4.0.1",
@@ -30,10 +31,19 @@
     "@nestjs/config": "^4.0.2",
     "@nestjs/core": "^11.0.1",
     "@nestjs/event-emitter": "^3.0.1",
+    "@nestjs/jwt": "^11.0.2",
+    "@nestjs/passport": "^11.0.5",
     "@nestjs/platform-express": "^11.0.1",
     "@nestjs/typeorm": "^11.0.0",
+    "@types/bcrypt": "^6.0.0",
+    "@types/passport-jwt": "^4.0.1",
+    "@types/passport-local": "^1.0.38",
+    "bcrypt": "^6.0.0",
     "class-transformer": "^0.5.1",
     "class-validator": "^0.14.3",
+    "passport": "^0.7.0",
+    "passport-jwt": "^4.0.1",
+    "passport-local": "^1.0.0",
     "pg": "^8.18.0",
     "reflect-metadata": "^0.2.2",
     "rxjs": "^7.8.1",

backend/scripts/reset-db.js

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+const { exec } = require('child_process');
+const { promisify } = require('util');
+const execAsync = promisify(exec);
+
+async function resetDatabase() {
+  console.log('Resetting database...');
+  
+  try {
+    // Drop and recreate the database
+    const { stdout, stderr } = await execAsync(`
+      PGPASSWORD=placebo_password psql -h localhost -U placebo_user -d postgres -c "DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS placebo_backend_db;"
+      PGPASSWORD=placebo_password psql -h localhost -U placebo_user -d postgres -c "CREATE DATABASE placebo_backend_db;"
+    `);
+    
+    if (stderr && !stderr.includes('warning')) {
+      console.error('Error:', stderr);
+      return;
+    }
+    
+    console.log('Database reset successfully!');
+  } catch (error) {
+    console.error('Failed to reset database:', error.message);
+  }
+}
+
+resetDatabase();

backend/scripts/reset-db.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+echo "Resetting PostgreSQL database..."
+
+# Connect to PostgreSQL and reset the database (without -t for TTY)
+docker exec -i placebo-postgres-dev psql -U placebo_user -d postgres <<EOF
+DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS placebo_backend_db;
+CREATE DATABASE placebo_backend_db;
+EOF
+
+echo "Database reset complete!"
+echo "The new schema will be created when the backend starts with DATABASE_SYNCHRONIZE=true"

backend/scripts/seed-admin.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+import { NestFactory } from '@nestjs/core';
+import { AppModule } from '../src/app.module';
+import { UserService } from '../src/modules/users/user.service';
+import { UserRole } from '../src/modules/entities';
+
+async function bootstrap() {
+  const app = await NestFactory.createApplicationContext(AppModule);
+  const userService = app.get(UserService);
+
+  try {
+    // Check if admin user already exists
+    const existingAdmin = await userService.findByUsername('admin');
+    if (existingAdmin) {
+      console.log('Admin user already exists');
+      await app.close();
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // Create admin user
+    const adminUser = await userService.create({
+      username: 'admin',
+      email: 'admin@placebo.mk',
+      password: 'admin123', // Change this in production!
+      role: UserRole.ADMIN,
+      isActive: true,
+    });
+
+    console.log('Admin user created successfully:');
+    console.log(`Username: ${adminUser.username}`);
+    console.log(`Email: ${adminUser.email}`);
+    console.log(`Role: ${adminUser.role}`);
+    console.log('\n⚠️  IMPORTANT: Change the default password immediately!');
+
+  } catch (error) {
+    console.error('Error creating admin user:', error);
+  } finally {
+    await app.close();
+  }
+}
+
+bootstrap();

backend/src/app.module.ts

@@ -6,12 +6,18 @@ import { AppService } from './app.service';
 import { ArticlesModule } from './modules/articles.module';
 import { StrapiModule } from './modules/strapi.module';
 import { LiveBlogModule } from './modules/live-blog.module';
+import { UserModule } from './modules/users/user.module';
+import { AuthModule } from './modules/auth/auth.module';
+import { CommentModule } from './modules/comment/comment.module';
 import {
   Article,
   Author,
   Category,
   LiveBlog,
   LiveBlogUpdate,
+  User,
+  Comment,
+  Reaction,
 } from './modules/entities';
 
 @Module({
@@ -26,13 +32,25 @@ import {
       username: process.env.DATABASE_USERNAME || 'placebo_user',
       password: process.env.DATABASE_PASSWORD || 'placebo_password',
       database: process.env.DATABASE_NAME || 'placebo_backend_db',
-      entities: [Article, Author, Category, LiveBlog, LiveBlogUpdate],
-      synchronize: process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production',
-      logging: process.env.NODE_ENV === 'development',
+      entities: [
+        Article,
+        Author,
+        Category,
+        LiveBlog,
+        LiveBlogUpdate,
+        User,
+        Comment,
+        Reaction,
+      ],
+      synchronize: process.env.DATABASE_SYNCHRONIZE === 'true',
+      logging: process.env.DATABASE_LOGGING === 'true',
     }),
     ArticlesModule,
     StrapiModule,
     LiveBlogModule,
+    UserModule,
+    AuthModule,
+    CommentModule,
   ],
   controllers: [AppController],
   providers: [AppService],

backend/src/main.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
-import { NestFactory } from '@nestjs/core';
+import { NestFactory, Reflector } from '@nestjs/core';
+import { ValidationPipe } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { AppModule } from './app.module';
+import { JwtAuthPublicGuard } from './modules/auth/jwt-auth-public.guard';
 
 async function bootstrap() {
   const app = await NestFactory.create(AppModule);
@@ -16,6 +18,19 @@ async function bootstrap() {
 
   app.setGlobalPrefix('api/v1');
 
+  // Apply global validation pipe
+  app.useGlobalPipes(
+    new ValidationPipe({
+      whitelist: true,
+      transform: true,
+      forbidNonWhitelisted: true,
+    }),
+  );
+
+  // Apply global authentication guard
+  const reflector = app.get(Reflector);
+  app.useGlobalGuards(new JwtAuthPublicGuard(reflector));
+
   const port = process.env.PORT ?? 3000;
   const host = '0.0.0.0'; // Bind to all interfaces for Docker
   await app.listen(port, host);

backend/src/modules/articles.controller.ts

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import {
   Body,
   Param,
   Query,
-  ValidationPipe,
+  UseGuards,
 } from '@nestjs/common';
 import { ArticlesService } from './articles.service';
 import {
@@ -16,54 +16,67 @@ import {
   UpdateArticleDto,
   FindArticlesDto,
 } from './articles.dto';
-import { ArticleStatus } from './entities';
+
+import { JwtAuthGuard } from './auth/jwt-auth.guard';
+import { RolesGuard } from './auth/roles.guard';
+import { Roles } from './auth/roles.decorator';
+import { Public } from './auth/public.decorator';
+import { UserRole } from './entities';
 
 @Controller('articles')
 export class ArticlesController {
   constructor(private readonly articlesService: ArticlesService) {}
 
   @Post()
-  create(@Body(new ValidationPipe({ transform: true })) dto: CreateArticleDto) {
+  @UseGuards(JwtAuthGuard, RolesGuard)
+  @Roles(UserRole.ADMIN, UserRole.CONTRIBUTOR)
+  create(@Body() dto: CreateArticleDto) {
     return this.articlesService.create(dto);
   }
 
   @Get()
-  findAll(
-    @Query(new ValidationPipe({ transform: true })) dto: FindArticlesDto,
-  ) {
+  @Public()
+  findAll(@Query() dto: FindArticlesDto) {
     return this.articlesService.findAll(dto);
   }
 
   @Get(':id')
+  @Public()
   findOne(@Param('id') id: string) {
     return this.articlesService.findOne(id);
   }
 
   @Get('slug/:slug')
+  @Public()
   findBySlug(@Param('slug') slug: string) {
     return this.articlesService.findBySlug(slug);
   }
 
   @Put(':id')
-  update(
-    @Param('id') id: string,
-    @Body(new ValidationPipe({ transform: true })) dto: UpdateArticleDto,
-  ) {
+  @UseGuards(JwtAuthGuard, RolesGuard)
+  @Roles(UserRole.ADMIN, UserRole.CONTRIBUTOR)
+  update(@Param('id') id: string, @Body() dto: UpdateArticleDto) {
     return this.articlesService.update(id, dto);
   }
 
   @Delete(':id')
+  @UseGuards(JwtAuthGuard, RolesGuard)
+  @Roles(UserRole.ADMIN, UserRole.CONTRIBUTOR)
   remove(@Param('id') id: string) {
     return this.articlesService.remove(id);
   }
 
   @Patch(':id/archive')
+  @UseGuards(JwtAuthGuard, RolesGuard)
+  @Roles(UserRole.ADMIN, UserRole.CONTRIBUTOR)
   archive(@Param('id') id: string) {
     return this.articlesService.archive(id);
   }
 
   @Patch(':id/publish')
-  publish(@Param('id') id: string, @Query('status') status?: ArticleStatus) {
-    return this.articlesService.publish(id, status || ArticleStatus.PUBLISHED);
+  @UseGuards(JwtAuthGuard, RolesGuard)
+  @Roles(UserRole.ADMIN, UserRole.CONTRIBUTOR)
+  publish(@Param('id') id: string) {
+    return this.articlesService.publish(id);
   }
 }

backend/src/modules/auth/auth.controller.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+import {
+  Controller,
+  Post,
+  Body,
+  HttpCode,
+  HttpStatus,
+  UseGuards,
+} from '@nestjs/common';
+import { AuthService } from './auth.service';
+import { LoginUserDto, CreateUserDto } from '../users/user.dto';
+import { LocalAuthGuard } from './local-auth.guard';
+import { Public } from './public.decorator';
+
+@Controller('auth')
+export class AuthController {
+  constructor(private readonly authService: AuthService) {}
+
+  @Public()
+  @UseGuards(LocalAuthGuard)
+  @Post('login')
+  @HttpCode(HttpStatus.OK)
+  async login(@Body() loginUserDto: LoginUserDto) {
+    return this.authService.login(loginUserDto);
+  }
+
+  @Public()
+  @Post('register')
+  async register(@Body() createUserDto: CreateUserDto) {
+    return this.authService.register(createUserDto);
+  }
+}

backend/src/modules/auth/auth.module.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { Module } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { JwtModule } from '@nestjs/jwt';
+import { PassportModule } from '@nestjs/passport';
+import { ConfigModule, ConfigService } from '@nestjs/config';
+import { UserModule } from '../users/user.module';
+import { AuthService } from './auth.service';
+import { AuthController } from './auth.controller';
+import { JwtStrategy } from './jwt.strategy';
+import { LocalStrategy } from './local.strategy';
+
+@Module({
+  imports: [
+    UserModule,
+    PassportModule,
+    JwtModule.registerAsync({
+      imports: [ConfigModule],
+      useFactory: (configService: ConfigService) => {
+        const expiration = configService.get<string>('JWT_EXPIRATION') || '7d';
+        return {
+          secret:
+            configService.get<string>('JWT_SECRET') || 'default-secret-key',
+          signOptions: {
+            expiresIn: expiration ? parseInt(expiration) : 3600, // Convert to number
+          },
+        };
+      },
+      inject: [ConfigService],
+    }),
+  ],
+  controllers: [AuthController],
+  providers: [AuthService, LocalStrategy, JwtStrategy],
+  exports: [AuthService, JwtModule],
+})
+export class AuthModule {}

backend/src/modules/auth/auth.service.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { JwtService } from '@nestjs/jwt';
+import { UserService } from '../users/user.service';
+import { CreateUserDto, LoginUserDto } from '../users/user.dto';
+import { AuthResponse, JwtPayload } from './types';
+import { UserRole } from '../entities';
+
+@Injectable()
+export class AuthService {
+  constructor(
+    private userService: UserService,
+    private jwtService: JwtService,
+  ) {}
+
+  async validateUser(
+    username: string,
+    password: string,
+  ): Promise<{
+    id: string;
+    username: string;
+    email: string;
+    role: string;
+  } | null> {
+    return this.userService.validateUser(username, password);
+  }
+
+  async login(loginUserDto: LoginUserDto): Promise<AuthResponse> {
+    const user = await this.validateUser(
+      loginUserDto.username,
+      loginUserDto.password,
+    );
+    if (!user) {
+      throw new Error('Invalid credentials');
+    }
+
+    const payload: JwtPayload = {
+      sub: user.id,
+      username: user.username,
+      email: user.email,
+      role: user.role as UserRole,
+    };
+
+    return {
+      access_token: this.jwtService.sign(payload),
+      user: {
+        id: user.id,
+        username: user.username,
+        email: user.email,
+        role: user.role as UserRole,
+      },
+    };
+  }
+
+  async register(createUserDto: CreateUserDto): Promise<AuthResponse> {
+    // Default new users to USER role
+    const userDto = {
+      ...createUserDto,
+      role: UserRole.USER,
+    };
+
+    const user = await this.userService.create(userDto);
+
+    const payload: JwtPayload = {
+      sub: user.id,
+      username: user.username,
+      email: user.email,
+      role: user.role,
+    };
+
+    return {
+      access_token: this.jwtService.sign(payload),
+      user: {
+        id: user.id,
+        username: user.username,
+        email: user.email,
+        role: user.role,
+      },
+    };
+  }
+}

backend/src/modules/auth/jwt-auth-public.guard.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+import { Injectable, ExecutionContext } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { Reflector } from '@nestjs/core';
+import { AuthGuard } from '@nestjs/passport';
+import { IS_PUBLIC_KEY } from './public.decorator';
+
+@Injectable()
+export class JwtAuthPublicGuard extends AuthGuard('jwt') {
+  constructor(private reflector: Reflector) {
+    super();
+  }
+
+  canActivate(context: ExecutionContext) {
+    const isPublic = this.reflector.getAllAndOverride<boolean>(IS_PUBLIC_KEY, [
+      context.getHandler(),
+      context.getClass(),
+    ]);
+
+    if (isPublic) {
+      return true;
+    }
+
+    return super.canActivate(context);
+  }
+}

backend/src/modules/auth/jwt-auth.guard.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { Injectable, ExecutionContext } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { AuthGuard } from '@nestjs/passport';
+
+@Injectable()
+export class JwtAuthGuard extends AuthGuard('jwt') {
+  canActivate(context: ExecutionContext) {
+    return super.canActivate(context);
+  }
+}

backend/src/modules/auth/jwt.strategy.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { PassportStrategy } from '@nestjs/passport';
+import { ExtractJwt, Strategy } from 'passport-jwt';
+import { ConfigService } from '@nestjs/config';
+import { JwtPayload } from './types';
+
+@Injectable()
+export class JwtStrategy extends PassportStrategy(Strategy) {
+  constructor(private configService: ConfigService) {
+    super({
+      jwtFromRequest: ExtractJwt.fromAuthHeaderAsBearerToken(),
+      ignoreExpiration: false,
+      secretOrKey:
+        configService.get<string>('JWT_SECRET') || 'default-secret-key',
+    });
+  }
+
+  async validate(payload: JwtPayload) {
+    await Promise.resolve(); // Add await to satisfy eslint rule
+    return {
+      id: payload.sub,
+      username: payload.username,
+      email: payload.email,
+      role: payload.role,
+    };
+  }
+}

backend/src/modules/auth/local-auth.guard.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { AuthGuard } from '@nestjs/passport';
+
+@Injectable()
+export class LocalAuthGuard extends AuthGuard('local') {}

backend/src/modules/auth/local.strategy.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+import { Injectable, UnauthorizedException } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { PassportStrategy } from '@nestjs/passport';
+import { Strategy } from 'passport-local';
+import { AuthService } from './auth.service';
+
+@Injectable()
+export class LocalStrategy extends PassportStrategy(Strategy) {
+  constructor(private authService: AuthService) {
+    super();
+  }
+
+  async validate(
+    username: string,
+    password: string,
+  ): Promise<{ id: string; username: string; email: string; role: string }> {
+    const user = await this.authService.validateUser(username, password);
+    if (!user) {
+      throw new UnauthorizedException('Invalid credentials');
+    }
+    return user;
+  }
+}

backend/src/modules/auth/public.decorator.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+import { SetMetadata } from '@nestjs/common';
+
+export const IS_PUBLIC_KEY = 'isPublic';
+export const Public = () => SetMetadata(IS_PUBLIC_KEY, true);

backend/src/modules/auth/roles.decorator.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+import { SetMetadata } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { UserRole } from '../entities';
+
+export const Roles = (...roles: UserRole[]) => SetMetadata('roles', roles);

backend/src/modules/auth/roles.guard.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+import { Injectable, CanActivate, ExecutionContext } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { Reflector } from '@nestjs/core';
+import { UserRole } from '../entities';
+
+@Injectable()
+export class RolesGuard implements CanActivate {
+  constructor(private reflector: Reflector) {}
+
+  canActivate(context: ExecutionContext): boolean {
+    const requiredRoles = this.reflector.getAllAndOverride<UserRole[]>(
+      'roles',
+      [context.getHandler(), context.getClass()],
+    );
+
+    if (!requiredRoles) {
+      return true;
+    }
+
+    // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-assignment
+    const request = context.switchToHttp().getRequest();
+    // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unsafe-member-access
+    const user = request.user as
+      | { id: string; username: string; email: string; role: UserRole }
+      | undefined;
+    if (!user) {
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    return requiredRoles.includes(user.role);
+  }
+}

backend/src/modules/auth/types.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+import { UserRole } from '../entities';
+
+export interface JwtPayload {
+  sub: string;
+  username: string;
+  email: string;
+  role: UserRole;
+}
+
+export interface RequestWithUser extends Request {
+  user: {
+    id: string;
+    username: string;
+    email: string;
+    role: UserRole;
+  };
+}
+
+export interface AuthResponse {
+  access_token: string;
+  user: {
+    id: string;
+    username: string;
+    email: string;
+    role: UserRole;
+  };
+}

backend/src/modules/comment/comment.controller.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+import {
+  Controller,
+  Get,
+  Post,
+  Put,
+  Delete,
+  Patch,
+  Body,
+  Param,
+  Query,
+  UseGuards,
+  Request,
+  HttpCode,
+  HttpStatus,
+} from '@nestjs/common';
+import { CommentService } from './comment.service';
+import {
+  CreateCommentDto,
+  UpdateCommentDto,
+  CommentResponseDto,
+  FindCommentsDto,
+  CreateReactionDto,
+} from './comment.dto';
+import { JwtAuthGuard } from '../auth/jwt-auth.guard';
+import { RolesGuard } from '../auth/roles.guard';
+import { Roles } from '../auth/roles.decorator';
+import { Public } from '../auth/public.decorator';
+import { UserRole } from '../entities';
+import type { RequestWithUser } from '../auth/types';
+
+@Controller('comments')
+export class CommentController {
+  constructor(private readonly commentService: CommentService) {}
+
+  @Post()
+  @UseGuards(JwtAuthGuard)
+  async create(
+    @Body() createCommentDto: CreateCommentDto,
+    @Request() req: RequestWithUser,
+  ): Promise<CommentResponseDto> {
+    return this.commentService.create(createCommentDto, req.user.id);
+  }
+
+  @Get()
+  @Public()
+  async findAll(
+    @Query() findCommentsDto: FindCommentsDto,
+  ): Promise<CommentResponseDto[]> {
+    return this.commentService.findAll(findCommentsDto);
+  }
+
+  @Get(':id')
+  @Public()
+  async findOne(@Param('id') id: string): Promise<CommentResponseDto> {
+    return this.commentService.findOne(id);
+  }
+
+  @Put(':id')
+  @UseGuards(JwtAuthGuard)
+  async update(
+    @Param('id') id: string,
+    @Body() updateCommentDto: UpdateCommentDto,
+    @Request() req: RequestWithUser,
+  ): Promise<CommentResponseDto> {
+    return this.commentService.update(
+      id,
+      updateCommentDto,
+      req.user.id,
+      req.user.role,
+    );
+  }
+
+  @Delete(':id')
+  @UseGuards(JwtAuthGuard)
+  @HttpCode(HttpStatus.NO_CONTENT)
+  async remove(
+    @Param('id') id: string,
+    @Request() req: RequestWithUser,
+  ): Promise<void> {
+    return this.commentService.remove(id, req.user.id, req.user.role);
+  }
+
+  @Post('reactions')
+  @UseGuards(JwtAuthGuard)
+  @HttpCode(HttpStatus.NO_CONTENT)
+  async addReaction(
+    @Body() createReactionDto: CreateReactionDto,
+    @Request() req: RequestWithUser,
+  ): Promise<void> {
+    return this.commentService.addReaction(createReactionDto, req.user.id);
+  }
+
+  @Get('reactions/user')
+  @UseGuards(JwtAuthGuard)
+  async getUserReaction(
+    @Request() req: RequestWithUser,
+    @Query('articleId') articleId?: string,
+    @Query('liveBlogId') liveBlogId?: string,
+    @Query('commentId') commentId?: string,
+  ): Promise<{ type: string | null }> {
+    const reaction = await this.commentService.getUserReaction(
+      req.user.id,
+      articleId,
+      liveBlogId,
+      commentId,
+    );
+    return { type: reaction };
+  }
+
+  @Get('reactions/counts')
+  @Public()
+  async getReactionCounts(
+    @Query('articleId') articleId?: string,
+    @Query('liveBlogId') liveBlogId?: string,
+    @Query('commentId') commentId?: string,
+  ): Promise<{ likes: number; dislikes: number }> {
+    return this.commentService.getReactionCounts(
+      articleId,
+      liveBlogId,
+      commentId,
+    );
+  }
+
+  // Admin endpoints
+  @Patch(':id/hide')
+  @UseGuards(JwtAuthGuard, RolesGuard)
+  @Roles(UserRole.ADMIN)
+  async hideComment(@Param('id') id: string): Promise<CommentResponseDto> {
+    return this.commentService.update(
+      id,
+      { isVisible: false },
+      'admin',
+      'admin',
+    );
+  }
+
+  @Patch(':id/show')
+  @UseGuards(JwtAuthGuard, RolesGuard)
+  @Roles(UserRole.ADMIN)
+  async showComment(@Param('id') id: string): Promise<CommentResponseDto> {
+    return this.commentService.update(
+      id,
+      { isVisible: true },
+      'admin',
+      'admin',
+    );
+  }
+}

backend/src/modules/comment/comment.dto.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+import {
+  IsString,
+  IsOptional,
+  IsUUID,
+  IsBoolean,
+  IsInt,
+  Min,
+  Max,
+} from 'class-validator';
+
+interface CommentEntity {
+  id: string;
+  content: string;
+  articleId?: string;
+  liveBlogId?: string;
+  parentId?: string;
+  userId: string;
+  likeCount: number;
+  dislikeCount: number;
+  isVisible: boolean;
+  createdAt: Date;
+  updatedAt: Date;
+  user?: {
+    id: string;
+    username: string;
+  };
+  replies?: CommentEntity[];
+}
+
+export class CreateCommentDto {
+  @IsString()
+  @Max(5000)
+  content: string;
+
+  @IsUUID()
+  @IsOptional()
+  articleId?: string;
+
+  @IsUUID()
+  @IsOptional()
+  liveBlogId?: string;
+
+  @IsUUID()
+  @IsOptional()
+  parentId?: string;
+}
+
+export class UpdateCommentDto {
+  @IsString()
+  @Max(5000)
+  @IsOptional()
+  content?: string;
+
+  @IsBoolean()
+  @IsOptional()
+  isVisible?: boolean;
+}
+
+export class CommentResponseDto {
+  id: string;
+  content: string;
+  articleId?: string;
+  liveBlogId?: string;
+  parentId?: string;
+  userId: string;
+  likeCount: number;
+  dislikeCount: number;
+  isVisible: boolean;
+  createdAt: Date;
+  updatedAt: Date;
+  user: {
+    id: string;
+    username: string;
+  };
+  replies?: CommentResponseDto[];
+
+  constructor(comment: CommentEntity) {
+    this.id = comment.id;
+    this.content = comment.content;
+    this.articleId = comment.articleId;
+    this.liveBlogId = comment.liveBlogId;
+    this.parentId = comment.parentId;
+    this.userId = comment.userId;
+    this.likeCount = comment.likeCount;
+    this.dislikeCount = comment.dislikeCount;
+    this.isVisible = comment.isVisible;
+    this.createdAt = comment.createdAt;
+    this.updatedAt = comment.updatedAt;
+
+    if (comment.user) {
+      this.user = {
+        id: comment.user.id,
+        username: comment.user.username,
+      };
+    }
+
+    if (comment.replies) {
+      this.replies = comment.replies.map(
+        (reply) => new CommentResponseDto(reply),
+      );
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+export class FindCommentsDto {
+  @IsUUID()
+  @IsOptional()
+  articleId?: string;
+
+  @IsUUID()
+  @IsOptional()
+  liveBlogId?: string;
+
+  @IsUUID()
+  @IsOptional()
+  parentId?: string;
+
+  @IsInt()
+  @Min(1)
+  @IsOptional()
+  page?: number = 1;
+
+  @IsInt()
+  @Min(1)
+  @Max(100)
+  @IsOptional()
+  limit?: number = 20;
+}
+
+export class CreateReactionDto {
+  @IsString()
+  type: 'like' | 'dislike';
+
+  @IsUUID()
+  @IsOptional()
+  articleId?: string;
+
+  @IsUUID()
+  @IsOptional()
+  liveBlogId?: string;
+
+  @IsUUID()
+  @IsOptional()
+  commentId?: string;
+}

backend/src/modules/comment/comment.module.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+import { Module } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { TypeOrmModule } from '@nestjs/typeorm';
+import { Comment, Reaction } from '../entities';
+import { CommentService } from './comment.service';
+import { CommentController } from './comment.controller';
+
+@Module({
+  imports: [TypeOrmModule.forFeature([Comment, Reaction])],
+  controllers: [CommentController],
+  providers: [CommentService],
+  exports: [CommentService],
+})
+export class CommentModule {}

backend/src/modules/comment/comment.service.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,298 @@
+import {
+  Injectable,
+  NotFoundException,
+  BadRequestException,
+} from '@nestjs/common';
+import { InjectRepository } from '@nestjs/typeorm';
+import { Repository } from 'typeorm';
+import { Comment, Reaction, ReactionType } from '../entities';
+import {
+  CreateCommentDto,
+  UpdateCommentDto,
+  CommentResponseDto,
+  FindCommentsDto,
+  CreateReactionDto,
+} from './comment.dto';
+
+@Injectable()
+export class CommentService {
+  constructor(
+    @InjectRepository(Comment)
+    private commentRepository: Repository<Comment>,
+    @InjectRepository(Reaction)
+    private reactionRepository: Repository<Reaction>,
+  ) {}
+
+  async create(
+    createCommentDto: CreateCommentDto,
+    userId: string,
+  ): Promise<CommentResponseDto> {
+    // Validate that comment is attached to either article or live blog
+    if (!createCommentDto.articleId && !createCommentDto.liveBlogId) {
+      throw new BadRequestException(
+        'Comment must be attached to either an article or live blog',
+      );
+    }
+
+    // If parentId is provided, verify it exists
+    if (createCommentDto.parentId) {
+      const parent = await this.commentRepository.findOne({
+        where: { id: createCommentDto.parentId },
+      });
+      if (!parent) {
+        throw new NotFoundException('Parent comment not found');
+      }
+    }
+
+    const comment = this.commentRepository.create({
+      ...createCommentDto,
+      userId,
+    });
+
+    const savedComment = await this.commentRepository.save(comment);
+    return this.findOne(savedComment.id);
+  }
+
+  async findAll(
+    findCommentsDto: FindCommentsDto,
+  ): Promise<CommentResponseDto[]> {
+    const {
+      articleId,
+      liveBlogId,
+      parentId,
+      page = 1,
+      limit = 20,
+    } = findCommentsDto;
+    const skip = (page - 1) * limit;
+
+    const query = this.commentRepository
+      .createQueryBuilder('comment')
+      .leftJoinAndSelect('comment.user', 'user')
+      .leftJoinAndSelect('comment.replies', 'replies')
+      .leftJoinAndSelect('replies.user', 'replyUser')
+      .where('comment.isVisible = :isVisible', { isVisible: true });
+
+    if (articleId) {
+      query.andWhere('comment.articleId = :articleId', { articleId });
+    }
+
+    if (liveBlogId) {
+      query.andWhere('comment.liveBlogId = :liveBlogId', { liveBlogId });
+    }
+
+    if (parentId) {
+      query.andWhere('comment.parentId = :parentId', { parentId });
+    } else {
+      query.andWhere('comment.parentId IS NULL');
+    }
+
+    query.orderBy('comment.createdAt', 'DESC').skip(skip).take(limit);
+
+    const comments = await query.getMany();
+    return comments.map((comment) => new CommentResponseDto(comment));
+  }
+
+  async findOne(id: string): Promise<CommentResponseDto> {
+    const comment = await this.commentRepository
+      .createQueryBuilder('comment')
+      .leftJoinAndSelect('comment.user', 'user')
+      .leftJoinAndSelect('comment.replies', 'replies')
+      .leftJoinAndSelect('replies.user', 'replyUser')
+      .where('comment.id = :id', { id })
+      .andWhere('comment.isVisible = :isVisible', { isVisible: true })
+      .getOne();
+
+    if (!comment) {
+      throw new NotFoundException('Comment not found');
+    }
+
+    return new CommentResponseDto(comment);
+  }
+
+  async update(
+    id: string,
+    updateCommentDto: UpdateCommentDto,
+    userId: string,
+    userRole: string,
+  ): Promise<CommentResponseDto> {
+    const comment = await this.commentRepository.findOne({
+      where: { id },
+      relations: ['user'],
+    });
+
+    if (!comment) {
+      throw new NotFoundException('Comment not found');
+    }
+
+    // Only allow comment owner or admin to update
+    if (comment.userId !== userId && userRole !== 'admin') {
+      throw new BadRequestException('You can only update your own comments');
+    }
+
+    Object.assign(comment, updateCommentDto);
+    const updatedComment = await this.commentRepository.save(comment);
+    return this.findOne(updatedComment.id);
+  }
+
+  async remove(id: string, userId: string, userRole: string): Promise<void> {
+    const comment = await this.commentRepository.findOne({
+      where: { id },
+      relations: ['user'],
+    });
+
+    if (!comment) {
+      throw new NotFoundException('Comment not found');
+    }
+
+    // Only allow comment owner or admin to delete
+    if (comment.userId !== userId && userRole !== 'admin') {
+      throw new BadRequestException('You can only delete your own comments');
+    }
+
+    await this.commentRepository.remove(comment);
+  }
+
+  async addReaction(
+    createReactionDto: CreateReactionDto,
+    userId: string,
+  ): Promise<void> {
+    // Validate that reaction is attached to either article, live blog, or comment
+    const { articleId, liveBlogId, commentId, type } = createReactionDto;
+
+    if (!articleId && !liveBlogId && !commentId) {
+      throw new BadRequestException(
+        'Reaction must be attached to an article, live blog, or comment',
+      );
+    }
+
+    // Check if user already reacted to this item
+    const whereClause: {
+      userId: string;
+      articleId?: string;
+      liveBlogId?: string;
+      commentId?: string;
+    } = { userId };
+    if (articleId) whereClause.articleId = articleId;
+    if (liveBlogId) whereClause.liveBlogId = liveBlogId;
+    if (commentId) whereClause.commentId = commentId;
+
+    const existingReaction = await this.reactionRepository.findOne({
+      where: whereClause,
+    });
+
+    if (existingReaction) {
+      // If same reaction type, remove it (toggle)
+      if (existingReaction.type === (type as ReactionType)) {
+        await this.reactionRepository.remove(existingReaction);
+
+        // Update comment counts if reacting to comment
+        if (commentId) {
+          await this.updateCommentReactionCount(commentId, type, -1);
+        }
+        return;
+      } else {
+        // Change reaction type
+        existingReaction.type = type as ReactionType;
+        await this.reactionRepository.save(existingReaction);
+
+        // Update comment counts if reacting to comment
+        if (commentId) {
+          // Decrement old reaction count
+          await this.updateCommentReactionCount(
+            commentId,
+            existingReaction.type === ReactionType.LIKE
+              ? ReactionType.DISLIKE
+              : ReactionType.LIKE,
+            -1,
+          );
+          // Increment new reaction count
+          await this.updateCommentReactionCount(commentId, type, 1);
+        }
+        return;
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Create new reaction
+    const reaction = this.reactionRepository.create({
+      ...createReactionDto,
+      userId,
+      type: type as ReactionType,
+    });
+
+    await this.reactionRepository.save(reaction);
+
+    // Update comment counts if reacting to comment
+    if (commentId) {
+      await this.updateCommentReactionCount(commentId, type, 1);
+    }
+  }
+
+  private async updateCommentReactionCount(
+    commentId: string,
+    type: 'like' | 'dislike',
+    change: number,
+  ): Promise<void> {
+    const comment = await this.commentRepository.findOne({
+      where: { id: commentId },
+    });
+    if (!comment) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (type === 'like') {
+      comment.likeCount = Math.max(0, comment.likeCount + change);
+    } else {
+      comment.dislikeCount = Math.max(0, comment.dislikeCount + change);
+    }
+
+    await this.commentRepository.save(comment);
+  }
+
+  async getUserReaction(
+    userId: string,
+    articleId?: string,
+    liveBlogId?: string,
+    commentId?: string,
+  ): Promise<ReactionType | null> {
+    const whereClause: {
+      userId: string;
+      articleId?: string;
+      liveBlogId?: string;
+      commentId?: string;
+    } = { userId };
+    if (articleId) whereClause.articleId = articleId;
+    if (liveBlogId) whereClause.liveBlogId = liveBlogId;
+    if (commentId) whereClause.commentId = commentId;
+
+    const reaction = await this.reactionRepository.findOne({
+      where: whereClause,
+    });
+
+    return reaction ? reaction.type : null;
+  }
+
+  async getReactionCounts(
+    articleId?: string,
+    liveBlogId?: string,
+    commentId?: string,
+  ): Promise<{ likes: number; dislikes: number }> {
+    const query = this.reactionRepository.createQueryBuilder('reaction');
+
+    if (articleId) {
+      query.where('reaction.articleId = :articleId', { articleId });
+    } else if (liveBlogId) {
+      query.where('reaction.liveBlogId = :liveBlogId', { liveBlogId });
+    } else if (commentId) {
+      query.where('reaction.commentId = :commentId', { commentId });
+    } else {
+      return { likes: 0, dislikes: 0 };
+    }
+
+    const reactions = await query.getMany();
+
+    return {
+      likes: reactions.filter((r) => r.type === ReactionType.LIKE).length,
+      dislikes: reactions.filter((r) => r.type === ReactionType.DISLIKE).length,
+    };
+  }
+}

backend/src/modules/entities.ts

@@ -56,6 +56,17 @@ export enum VideoPosition {
   NONE = 'none',
 }
 
+export enum UserRole {
+  ADMIN = 'admin',
+  CONTRIBUTOR = 'contributor',
+  USER = 'user',
+}
+
+export enum ReactionType {
+  LIKE = 'like',
+  DISLIKE = 'dislike',
+}
+
 @Entity('authors')
 export class Author {
   @PrimaryGeneratedColumn('uuid')
@@ -114,6 +125,36 @@ export class Category {
   parent: Category;
 }
 
+@Entity('users')
+export class User {
+  @PrimaryGeneratedColumn('uuid')
+  id: string;
+
+  @Column({ unique: true })
+  email: string;
+
+  @Column({ unique: true })
+  username: string;
+
+  @Column()
+  passwordHash: string;
+
+  @Column({
+    type: 'text',
+    default: 'user',
+  })
+  role: UserRole;
+
+  @Column({ default: true })
+  isActive: boolean;
+
+  @CreateDateColumn()
+  createdAt: Date;
+
+  @UpdateDateColumn()
+  updatedAt: Date;
+}
+
 @Entity('articles')
 export class Article {
   @PrimaryGeneratedColumn('uuid')
@@ -196,6 +237,12 @@ export class Article {
   @ManyToOne(() => Category, { onDelete: 'SET NULL' })
   @JoinColumn({ name: 'categoryId' })
   category: Category;
+
+  @OneToMany(() => Comment, (comment) => comment.article)
+  comments: Comment[];
+
+  @OneToMany(() => Reaction, (reaction) => reaction.article)
+  reactions: Reaction[];
 }
 
 @Entity('live_blogs')
@@ -278,6 +325,12 @@ export class LiveBlog {
     cascade: true,
   })
   updates: LiveBlogUpdate[];
+
+  @OneToMany(() => Comment, (comment) => comment.liveBlog)
+  comments: Comment[];
+
+  @OneToMany(() => Reaction, (reaction) => reaction.liveBlog)
+  reactions: Reaction[];
 }
 
 @Entity('live_blog_updates')
@@ -314,3 +367,100 @@ export class LiveBlogUpdate {
   @JoinColumn({ name: 'liveBlogId' })
   liveBlog: LiveBlog;
 }
+
+@Entity('comments')
+export class Comment {
+  @PrimaryGeneratedColumn('uuid')
+  id: string;
+
+  @Column('text')
+  content: string;
+
+  @Column({ nullable: true })
+  articleId: string;
+
+  @Column({ nullable: true })
+  liveBlogId: string;
+
+  @Column({ nullable: true })
+  parentId: string;
+
+  @Column()
+  userId: string;
+
+  @Column({ default: 0 })
+  likeCount: number;
+
+  @Column({ default: 0 })
+  dislikeCount: number;
+
+  @Column({ default: true })
+  isVisible: boolean;
+
+  @CreateDateColumn()
+  createdAt: Date;
+
+  @UpdateDateColumn()
+  updatedAt: Date;
+
+  @ManyToOne(() => Article, { onDelete: 'CASCADE' })
+  @JoinColumn({ name: 'articleId' })
+  article: Article;
+
+  @ManyToOne(() => LiveBlog, { onDelete: 'CASCADE' })
+  @JoinColumn({ name: 'liveBlogId' })
+  liveBlog: LiveBlog;
+
+  @ManyToOne(() => Comment, { onDelete: 'CASCADE' })
+  @JoinColumn({ name: 'parentId' })
+  parent: Comment;
+
+  @ManyToOne(() => User, { onDelete: 'CASCADE' })
+  @JoinColumn({ name: 'userId' })
+  user: User;
+
+  @OneToMany(() => Comment, (comment) => comment.parent)
+  replies: Comment[];
+}
+
+@Entity('reactions')
+export class Reaction {
+  @PrimaryGeneratedColumn('uuid')
+  id: string;
+
+  @Column({
+    type: 'text',
+  })
+  type: ReactionType;
+
+  @Column({ nullable: true })
+  articleId: string;
+
+  @Column({ nullable: true })
+  liveBlogId: string;
+
+  @Column({ nullable: true })
+  commentId: string;
+
+  @Column()
+  userId: string;
+
+  @CreateDateColumn()
+  createdAt: Date;
+
+  @ManyToOne(() => Article, { onDelete: 'CASCADE' })
+  @JoinColumn({ name: 'articleId' })
+  article: Article;
+
+  @ManyToOne(() => LiveBlog, { onDelete: 'CASCADE' })
+  @JoinColumn({ name: 'liveBlogId' })
+  liveBlog: LiveBlog;
+
+  @ManyToOne(() => Comment, { onDelete: 'CASCADE' })
+  @JoinColumn({ name: 'commentId' })
+  comment: Comment;
+
+  @ManyToOne(() => User, { onDelete: 'CASCADE' })
+  @JoinColumn({ name: 'userId' })
+  user: User;
+}

backend/src/modules/live-blog.controller.ts

@@ -8,10 +8,10 @@ import {
   Body,
   Param,
   Query,
-  ValidationPipe,
   Res,
   Logger,
   Headers,
+  UseGuards,
 } from '@nestjs/common';
 import type { Response as ExpressResponse } from 'express';
 import { LiveBlogService } from './live-blog.service';
@@ -22,7 +22,11 @@ import {
   CreateLiveBlogUpdateDto,
   UpdateLiveBlogUpdateDto,
 } from './articles.dto';
-import { LiveBlogStatus } from './entities';
+import { LiveBlogStatus, UserRole } from './entities';
+import { JwtAuthGuard } from './auth/jwt-auth.guard';
+import { RolesGuard } from './auth/roles.guard';
+import { Roles } from './auth/roles.decorator';
+import { Public } from './auth/public.decorator';
 
 @Controller('live-blogs')
 export class LiveBlogController {
@@ -32,68 +36,76 @@ export class LiveBlogController {
 
   // Live Blog CRUD operations
   @Get('featured')
+  @Public()
   getFeatured() {
     this.logger.log('GET /featured called');
     return this.liveBlogService.findPinned();
   }
 
   @Get('active')
+  @Public()
   getActive() {
     return this.liveBlogService.findActive();
   }
 
   @Get('recent')
+  @Public()
   getRecent() {
     return this.liveBlogService.getLiveBlogsWithRecentUpdates();
   }
 
   @Post()
-  create(
-    @Body(new ValidationPipe({ transform: true })) dto: CreateLiveBlogDto,
-  ) {
+  @UseGuards(JwtAuthGuard, RolesGuard)
+  @Roles(UserRole.ADMIN, UserRole.CONTRIBUTOR)
+  create(@Body() dto: CreateLiveBlogDto) {
     return this.liveBlogService.create(dto);
   }
 
   @Get()
-  findAll(
-    @Query(new ValidationPipe({ transform: true })) dto: FindLiveBlogsDto,
-  ) {
+  @Public()
+  findAll(@Query() dto: FindLiveBlogsDto) {
     return this.liveBlogService.findAll(dto);
   }
 
   @Get(':id')
+  @Public()
   findOne(@Param('id') id: string) {
     return this.liveBlogService.findOne(id);
   }
 
   @Get('slug/:slug')
+  @Public()
   findBySlug(@Param('slug') slug: string) {
     return this.liveBlogService.findBySlug(slug);
   }
 
   @Put(':id')
-  update(
-    @Param('id') id: string,
-    @Body(new ValidationPipe({ transform: true })) dto: UpdateLiveBlogDto,
-  ) {
+  @UseGuards(JwtAuthGuard, RolesGuard)
+  @Roles(UserRole.ADMIN, UserRole.CONTRIBUTOR)
+  update(@Param('id') id: string, @Body() dto: UpdateLiveBlogDto) {
     return this.liveBlogService.update(id, dto);
   }
 
   @Delete(':id')
+  @UseGuards(JwtAuthGuard, RolesGuard)
+  @Roles(UserRole.ADMIN, UserRole.CONTRIBUTOR)
   remove(@Param('id') id: string) {
     return this.liveBlogService.remove(id);
   }
 
   // Live Blog Updates CRUD operations
   @Post(':id/updates')
+  @UseGuards(JwtAuthGuard, RolesGuard)
+  @Roles(UserRole.ADMIN, UserRole.CONTRIBUTOR)
   createUpdate(
     @Param('id') liveBlogId: string,
-    @Body(new ValidationPipe({ transform: true })) dto: CreateLiveBlogUpdateDto,
+    @Body() dto: CreateLiveBlogUpdateDto,
   ) {
     return this.liveBlogService.createUpdate(dto, liveBlogId);
   }
 
   @Get(':id/updates')
+  @Public()
   findUpdates(
     @Param('id') liveBlogId: string,
     @Query('page') page = 1,
@@ -107,15 +119,19 @@ export class LiveBlogController {
   }
 
   @Put(':id/updates/:updateId')
+  @UseGuards(JwtAuthGuard, RolesGuard)
+  @Roles(UserRole.ADMIN, UserRole.CONTRIBUTOR)
   updateUpdate(
     @Param('id') liveBlogId: string,
     @Param('updateId') updateId: string,
-    @Body(new ValidationPipe({ transform: true })) dto: UpdateLiveBlogUpdateDto,
+    @Body() dto: UpdateLiveBlogUpdateDto,
   ) {
     return this.liveBlogService.updateUpdate(liveBlogId, updateId, dto);
   }
 
   @Delete(':id/updates/:updateId')
+  @UseGuards(JwtAuthGuard, RolesGuard)
+  @Roles(UserRole.ADMIN, UserRole.CONTRIBUTOR)
   removeUpdate(
     @Param('id') liveBlogId: string,
     @Param('updateId') updateId: string,
@@ -124,17 +140,22 @@ export class LiveBlogController {
   }
 
   @Patch(':id/archive')
+  @UseGuards(JwtAuthGuard, RolesGuard)
+  @Roles(UserRole.ADMIN, UserRole.CONTRIBUTOR)
   archive(@Param('id') id: string) {
     return this.liveBlogService.archive(id);
   }
 
   @Patch(':id/publish')
+  @UseGuards(JwtAuthGuard, RolesGuard)
+  @Roles(UserRole.ADMIN, UserRole.CONTRIBUTOR)
   publish(@Param('id') id: string, @Query('status') status?: LiveBlogStatus) {
     return this.liveBlogService.publish(id, status || LiveBlogStatus.DRAFT);
   }
 
   // SSE endpoint for real-time updates
   @Get(':id/stream')
+  @Public()
   stream(
     @Param('id') liveBlogId: string,
     @Res() response: ExpressResponse,

backend/src/modules/users/user.controller.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+import {
+  Controller,
+  Get,
+  Post,
+  Body,
+  Patch,
+  Param,
+  Delete,
+  UseGuards,
+  Request,
+  HttpCode,
+  HttpStatus,
+} from '@nestjs/common';
+import { UserService } from './user.service';
+import {
+  CreateUserDto,
+  UpdateUserDto,
+  UserResponseDto,
+  ChangePasswordDto,
+} from './user.dto';
+import { JwtAuthGuard } from '../auth/jwt-auth.guard';
+import { RolesGuard } from '../auth/roles.guard';
+import { Roles } from '../auth/roles.decorator';
+import { UserRole } from '../entities';
+import type { RequestWithUser } from '../auth/types';
+
+@Controller('users')
+export class UserController {
+  constructor(private readonly userService: UserService) {}
+
+  @Post()
+  @UseGuards(JwtAuthGuard, RolesGuard)
+  @Roles(UserRole.ADMIN)
+  async create(@Body() createUserDto: CreateUserDto): Promise<UserResponseDto> {
+    return this.userService.create(createUserDto);
+  }
+
+  @Get()
+  @UseGuards(JwtAuthGuard, RolesGuard)
+  @Roles(UserRole.ADMIN)
+  async findAll(): Promise<UserResponseDto[]> {
+    return this.userService.findAll();
+  }
+
+  @Get('profile')
+  @UseGuards(JwtAuthGuard)
+  async getProfile(@Request() req: RequestWithUser): Promise<UserResponseDto> {
+    return this.userService.findOne(req.user.id);
+  }
+
+  @Get(':id')
+  @UseGuards(JwtAuthGuard, RolesGuard)
+  @Roles(UserRole.ADMIN)
+  async findOne(@Param('id') id: string): Promise<UserResponseDto> {
+    return this.userService.findOne(id);
+  }
+
+  @Patch(':id')
+  @UseGuards(JwtAuthGuard, RolesGuard)
+  @Roles(UserRole.ADMIN)
+  async update(
+    @Param('id') id: string,
+    @Body() updateUserDto: UpdateUserDto,
+  ): Promise<UserResponseDto> {
+    return this.userService.update(id, updateUserDto);
+  }
+
+  @Delete(':id')
+  @UseGuards(JwtAuthGuard, RolesGuard)
+  @Roles(UserRole.ADMIN)
+  @HttpCode(HttpStatus.NO_CONTENT)
+  async remove(@Param('id') id: string): Promise<void> {
+    return this.userService.remove(id);
+  }
+
+  @Post(':id/change-password')
+  @UseGuards(JwtAuthGuard)
+  @HttpCode(HttpStatus.NO_CONTENT)
+  async changePassword(
+    @Param('id') id: string,
+    @Body() changePasswordDto: ChangePasswordDto,
+    @Request() req: RequestWithUser,
+  ): Promise<void> {
+    // Users can only change their own password, unless they're admin
+    if (req.user.role !== UserRole.ADMIN && req.user.id !== id) {
+      throw new Error('You can only change your own password');
+    }
+    return this.userService.changePassword(id, changePasswordDto);
+  }
+
+  @Patch(':id/deactivate')
+  @UseGuards(JwtAuthGuard, RolesGuard)
+  @Roles(UserRole.ADMIN)
+  async deactivate(@Param('id') id: string): Promise<UserResponseDto> {
+    return this.userService.update(id, { isActive: false });
+  }
+
+  @Patch(':id/activate')
+  @UseGuards(JwtAuthGuard, RolesGuard)
+  @Roles(UserRole.ADMIN)
+  async activate(@Param('id') id: string): Promise<UserResponseDto> {
+    return this.userService.update(id, { isActive: true });
+  }
+}

backend/src/modules/users/user.dto.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+import {
+  IsEmail,
+  IsString,
+  IsEnum,
+  IsBoolean,
+  IsOptional,
+  MinLength,
+  MaxLength,
+  Matches,
+} from 'class-validator';
+import { UserRole } from '../entities';
+
+interface UserEntity {
+  id: string;
+  email: string;
+  username: string;
+  role: UserRole;
+  isActive: boolean;
+  createdAt: Date;
+  updatedAt: Date;
+}
+
+export class CreateUserDto {
+  @IsEmail()
+  email: string;
+
+  @IsString()
+  @MinLength(3)
+  @MaxLength(30)
+  @Matches(/^[a-zA-Z0-9_]+$/, {
+    message: 'Username can only contain letters, numbers, and underscores',
+  })
+  username: string;
+
+  @IsString()
+  @MinLength(6)
+  password: string;
+
+  @IsEnum(UserRole)
+  @IsOptional()
+  role?: UserRole = UserRole.USER;
+
+  @IsBoolean()
+  @IsOptional()
+  isActive?: boolean = true;
+}
+
+export class UpdateUserDto {
+  @IsEmail()
+  @IsOptional()
+  email?: string;
+
+  @IsString()
+  @MinLength(3)
+  @MaxLength(30)
+  @Matches(/^[a-zA-Z0-9_]+$/, {
+    message: 'Username can only contain letters, numbers, and underscores',
+  })
+  @IsOptional()
+  username?: string;
+
+  @IsString()
+  @MinLength(6)
+  @IsOptional()
+  password?: string;
+
+  @IsEnum(UserRole)
+  @IsOptional()
+  role?: UserRole;
+
+  @IsBoolean()
+  @IsOptional()
+  isActive?: boolean;
+}
+
+export class LoginUserDto {
+  @IsString()
+  username: string;
+
+  @IsString()
+  password: string;
+}
+
+export class UserResponseDto {
+  id: string;
+  email: string;
+  username: string;
+  role: UserRole;
+  isActive: boolean;
+  createdAt: Date;
+  updatedAt: Date;
+
+  constructor(user: UserEntity) {
+    this.id = user.id;
+    this.email = user.email;
+    this.username = user.username;
+    this.role = user.role;
+    this.isActive = user.isActive;
+    this.createdAt = user.createdAt;
+    this.updatedAt = user.updatedAt;
+  }
+}
+
+export class ChangePasswordDto {
+  @IsString()
+  currentPassword: string;
+
+  @IsString()
+  @MinLength(6)
+  newPassword: string;
+}

backend/src/modules/users/user.module.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+import { Module } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { TypeOrmModule } from '@nestjs/typeorm';
+import { User } from '../entities';
+import { UserService } from './user.service';
+import { UserController } from './user.controller';
+
+@Module({
+  imports: [TypeOrmModule.forFeature([User])],
+  controllers: [UserController],
+  providers: [UserService],
+  exports: [UserService],
+})
+export class UserModule {}

backend/src/modules/users/user.service.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,212 @@
+import {
+  Injectable,
+  NotFoundException,
+  ConflictException,
+  BadRequestException,
+} from '@nestjs/common';
+import { InjectRepository } from '@nestjs/typeorm';
+import { Repository } from 'typeorm';
+import * as bcrypt from 'bcrypt';
+import { User, UserRole } from '../entities';
+import {
+  CreateUserDto,
+  UpdateUserDto,
+  UserResponseDto,
+  ChangePasswordDto,
+} from './user.dto';
+
+@Injectable()
+export class UserService {
+  constructor(
+    @InjectRepository(User)
+    private userRepository: Repository<User>,
+  ) {}
+
+  async create(createUserDto: CreateUserDto): Promise<UserResponseDto> {
+    // Check if email already exists
+    const existingEmail = await this.userRepository.findOne({
+      where: { email: createUserDto.email },
+    });
+    if (existingEmail) {
+      throw new ConflictException('Email already exists');
+    }
+
+    // Check if username already exists
+    const existingUsername = await this.userRepository.findOne({
+      where: { username: createUserDto.username },
+    });
+    if (existingUsername) {
+      throw new ConflictException('Username already exists');
+    }
+
+    // Hash password
+    const saltRounds = 10;
+    const passwordHash = await bcrypt.hash(createUserDto.password, saltRounds);
+
+    // Create user
+    const user = this.userRepository.create({
+      ...createUserDto,
+      passwordHash,
+    });
+
+    const savedUser = await this.userRepository.save(user);
+    return new UserResponseDto(savedUser);
+  }
+
+  async findAll(): Promise<UserResponseDto[]> {
+    const users = await this.userRepository.find({
+      order: { createdAt: 'DESC' },
+    });
+    return users.map((user) => new UserResponseDto(user));
+  }
+
+  async findOne(id: string): Promise<UserResponseDto> {
+    const user = await this.userRepository.findOne({ where: { id } });
+    if (!user) {
+      throw new NotFoundException('User not found');
+    }
+    return new UserResponseDto(user);
+  }
+
+  async findByUsername(username: string): Promise<User | null> {
+    return this.userRepository.findOne({ where: { username } });
+  }
+
+  async findByEmail(email: string): Promise<User | null> {
+    return this.userRepository.findOne({ where: { email } });
+  }
+
+  async update(
+    id: string,
+    updateUserDto: UpdateUserDto,
+  ): Promise<UserResponseDto> {
+    const user = await this.userRepository.findOne({ where: { id } });
+    if (!user) {
+      throw new NotFoundException('User not found');
+    }
+
+    // Check if email is being changed and if it already exists
+    if (updateUserDto.email && updateUserDto.email !== user.email) {
+      const existingEmail = await this.userRepository.findOne({
+        where: { email: updateUserDto.email },
+      });
+      if (existingEmail) {
+        throw new ConflictException('Email already exists');
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Check if username is being changed and if it already exists
+    if (updateUserDto.username && updateUserDto.username !== user.username) {
+      const existingUsername = await this.userRepository.findOne({
+        where: { username: updateUserDto.username },
+      });
+      if (existingUsername) {
+        throw new ConflictException('Username already exists');
+      }
+    }
+
+    // Hash new password if provided
+    if (updateUserDto.password) {
+      const saltRounds = 10;
+      updateUserDto.password = await bcrypt.hash(
+        updateUserDto.password,
+        saltRounds,
+      );
+    }
+
+    // Update user
+    Object.assign(user, updateUserDto);
+    if (updateUserDto.password) {
+      user.passwordHash = updateUserDto.password;
+      delete updateUserDto.password;
+    }
+
+    const updatedUser = await this.userRepository.save(user);
+    return new UserResponseDto(updatedUser);
+  }
+
+  async remove(id: string): Promise<void> {
+    const user = await this.userRepository.findOne({ where: { id } });
+    if (!user) {
+      throw new NotFoundException('User not found');
+    }
+
+    // Prevent deleting the last admin
+    if (user.role === UserRole.ADMIN) {
+      const adminCount = await this.userRepository.count({
+        where: { role: UserRole.ADMIN },
+      });
+      if (adminCount <= 1) {
+        throw new BadRequestException('Cannot delete the last admin user');
+      }
+    }
+
+    await this.userRepository.remove(user);
+  }
+
+  async changePassword(
+    id: string,
+    changePasswordDto: ChangePasswordDto,
+  ): Promise<void> {
+    const user = await this.userRepository.findOne({ where: { id } });
+    if (!user) {
+      throw new NotFoundException('User not found');
+    }
+
+    // Verify current password
+    const isPasswordValid = await bcrypt.compare(
+      changePasswordDto.currentPassword,
+      user.passwordHash,
+    );
+    if (!isPasswordValid) {
+      throw new BadRequestException('Current password is incorrect');
+    }
+
+    // Hash new password
+    const saltRounds = 10;
+    user.passwordHash = await bcrypt.hash(
+      changePasswordDto.newPassword,
+      saltRounds,
+    );
+
+    await this.userRepository.save(user);
+  }
+
+  async validateUser(username: string, password: string): Promise<User | null> {
+    const user = await this.userRepository.findOne({
+      where: { username, isActive: true },
+    });
+    if (!user) {
+      return null;
+    }
+
+    const isPasswordValid = await bcrypt.compare(password, user.passwordHash);
+    if (!isPasswordValid) {
+      return null;
+    }
+
+    return user;
+  }
+
+  async createAdminIfNotExists(): Promise<void> {
+    const adminExists = await this.userRepository.findOne({
+      where: { role: UserRole.ADMIN },
+    });
+
+    if (!adminExists) {
+      const saltRounds = 10;
+      const passwordHash = await bcrypt.hash('admin123', saltRounds);
+
+      const adminUser = this.userRepository.create({
+        email: 'admin@placebo.mk',
+        username: 'admin',
+        passwordHash,
+        role: UserRole.ADMIN,
+        isActive: true,
+      });
+
+      await this.userRepository.save(adminUser);
+      console.log('Default admin user created: admin / admin123');
+    }
+  }
+}